Trends in sea turtle nest predation on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica between 2011-2012: Recommendations for structuring conservation initiatives that offer preventive solutions

Abstract

This study explores emerging trends in sea turtle nest predation on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica over the past few years. Nesting data was collected under the auspices of Osa Conservation, a non-governmental organization (NGO) based on the Osa Peninsula. Trends identified from raw data are crucial in designing conservation programs that maximize protection of nests against both natural and human predation. A concerted focus is placed specifically upon dog and human predation because these groups have historically been the most frequent predators of turtle nests. Independent variables investigated in this study include month, beach, inland habitat, turtle species, and distance of nests from the vegetation line. Logistic regressions run between nest predation and these independent variables expose key relationships that help define specific parameters for at-risk nests. A structured conservation program that combines the use of protective meshes, pepper powder, translocation, and controlled development in hatcheries for at-risk nests is recommended to give turtle hatchlings the best chance of survival against predation.