Development of a Port Fuel Injection System Utilizing 3D Printed Components

Abstract

Prior to the 1990s, spark-ignition engines relied heavily on carburetors to deliver the proper mixture of fuel and air into the combustion chamber at a variety of engine speeds and load levels. Carburetors however do not have the capability to supply continuously variable fuel and air amounts which are required to optimize combustion completeness and therefore fuel efficiency. Electronic port injection however utilizes a multitude of precision sensors to determine variables such as the crankshaft position and compute the optimal injection time and fuel quantity for a desired performance goal e.g. maximum horsepower or efficiency. This project consisted of designing a retrofit port injection system as well as implementing a control system to demonstrate the greater efficiency and variability that fuel injection can achieve.